Monday, May 06, 2013

When Dog Training Starts With a Lie

My column from the March 2012 issue of Dogs Today.

Have you noticed that the "instant experts" have decided that every kind of dog collar is the wrong one?

A flat collar, after all, does not stop the dog from pulling, while a slip collar can choke! Surely no one would green light either one!

A pinch collar pinches, while an e-collar shocks. Surely no one would green light either one!

What about a constriction harness or a head halter?

Good lord NO! The former squeezes the dogs insides and does nothing to stop the dog from pulling, while the later can scrape against the eye and cause corneal damage and neck injury.

After hearing this, if you are terrified that you might "do it wrong," with your new dog, then the message has worked.

You see, so much of this nonsense comes from dog trainers who are intent on selling their services, their books, and their CD-roms.

Their main message is that you are probably incapable of training your own dog without their input.

If you go it alone with a book from the library, you might injure your dog!

Never mind that hundreds of millions of dogs have been trained for thousands of years on six continents without the advice of professional dog trainers.

Modern professional dog trainers want you to know they are here to Save the Day ... provided, of course, you have a credit card.

Part of their pitch is fear.

You aren't an ABUSIVE owner are you? Because they want you to know they do not believe in ABUSIVE dog training.

You don't believe in OUTDATED training methods do you? Because they want you to know they believe in only the LATEST, MODERN methods.

Surely you want to be modern and non-abusive?

All right then -- sign up with any of the trainers to be found in the directory!

Now there is nothing wrong with going to a dog trainer (I am all for it), and there is nothing wrong with click-and-treat dog training (I am all for that too).

But do me a favor eh? Don't piss on my leg and tell me it's raining!

Example one is the simple slip collar. It's been used for a thousand years and it works. I am past 50 years old and I have never seen a dog injured by one, and I bet you haven't either.

I have seen dogs injured by cars, fences, broken glass, hot tar, excess body weight, and roofing nails, but never by a slip collar.

Have you not noticed that your own vet puts a plastic slip lead on your dog before leading it out to the waiting room?

True! Is your vet an “abusive” veterinarian? Probably not!

Now to be clear, I am not advocating one kind of dog training over another, or one kind of collar over another.

I am all for click-and-treat dog training, and I have no hesitation saying that it works, and that it works well for most dogs in most situations. If you want to proceed with clicker training, then do so by all means and with my full encouragement!

That said, I would be very wary of any dog trainer who shows too little respect for the very real on-the-ground success of thousands of other dog trainers who have employed dozens of other diverse techniques over hundreds of years. Konrad Most, Barbara Woodhouse, William Koehler, Cesar Millan, and very fine dog trainers training police dogs, military dog, search-and-rescue dogs, herding dogs, bird dogs, and fox hounds all over the world are proof that obedient and enthusiastically happy dogs can be had using a wide variety of methods.

I would also be wary of any dog trainer that says compulsion has no place in the world of dog training.

At its simplest, dog training is simply getting a dog to do what it will not do naturally and on your schedule, whether that is an entirely artificial act such as running weave poles or retrieving a shot bird to hand, or not chasing a cat or barking at the mailman.

Yes, earned reward and praise is core to training.

Yes dogs and children need love, support and praise. But both dogs and children also need time outs and an occasional jerk back to the straight and narrow as well. Leashes and collars exist for a reason, same as curfews and police stations. Anyone who tells you otherwise, is deluded.

Yes, by all means, teach your dog what it needs to do in order to get a reward.

Part of training, however, is also to train your dog what NOT to do.

Not every signal you send will be positive, and on rare occasion your signal may not be entirely gentle. There is no place for cruelty or anger in the world of dog training, but there is most certainly a place for clarity and some high-drive dogs are, truth be told, a little tone-deaf to mere suggestion.

If your goal is to take your dog off leash, your NO signal has to be every bit as strong as your dog’s GO signal when it comes to prey drive, sex drive, play drive, and food.

Who among us wants to become an international YouTube sensation for screaming out our dog’s name (“Fennnntttton!”) as it bounds over four lanes of traffic chasing a herd of deer? No one!

In short, collars and leashes have a place in every training regime, as does both positive reward and certain level of compulsion.

If someone comes along and tells you otherwise, be extremely wary.

And if that same someone tells you everyone else has been doing it wrong for 2,000 years, walk away in the opposite direction.

Nothing good ever started with a lie.


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13 comments:

dianeatdogtrain said...

Thanks for the *truthiness* of this post!
Well done, sir.

powerfulgazelle said...

Thank you for this.

Fenton and his human always brighten my day.

Sam Tatters - https://pawsitivelytraining.wordpress.com/ said...

"Part of training, however, is also to train your dog what NOT to do."

Why? I don't need to teach my dogs not to chase livestock, but I do need to teach them that it is worthwhile listening to me, and doing as I ask; and not expecting these behaviours in a very distracting environment when my dogs aren't ready.

Similarly, I don't need to find them with their paws on the kitchen counter and tell them "no", just to teach them that keeping their fuzzy feet on the ground is the way forward.

Unknown said...

Fenton should have been in a martingale collar!

PBurns said...

Sam Tatters apparently does not know that some behaviors are very self-reinforcing and that not all training is done with puppies. His blogger profile say he is "currently training to be a dog training instructor" in the U.K.

Good. Keep learning.

Also, learn how to bust a dog off sheep worrying, as you will have clients, if and when you get any, who may need to know that. The rural way to do it is to put a bullet through the head or a shotgun blast through a dog's body, but you might try another way? Sorry, but a clicker will not work on a confirmed sheep worryers. Sheep worrying, by the way, kills about 40,000 sheep a year in the U.K. and stock chasing is the kind of thing that got Fenton in trouble. Good luck with your classes!


To learn more about self-rewarding behavior in dog, look up that on this blog or anywhere else that is not a puppy training site.

eric said...

Dog training is not a soup recipe, they should be treated for what they are, INDIVIDUALS. So each dog needs a different approach. As Mr. P Burns states, self-reinforcing behaviors exists, and can be a real pain with most dogs. That is, because must dog owners, like Femton owner, teach their dogs to self reinforce or to find reinforcement elsewhere but with the handler.

And even though you have taught the dog that the rewards comes from you, there is no way that he hasn't find out that he can get reinforcements else where. That’s one of the many opportunities where you can use a POSITIVE PUNISHMENT, or a negative reinforcement to teach your dog "what not to do". And for inexperienced or experienced """positive trainers""", some times you can't establish limits or what you want them to do, with rewards. Simply because the reward you can offer is not as interesting as the one the dog is looking for. And what you teach the dog is that there are consequences, the dog decides if it’s a good or a bad consequence.

What makes me laugh the most about ""positive trainers"" if we can call them that, is they do not acknowledge that they haven't established what type of positive they're using, positive reinforcement or positive punishment. Positive means adding by the way, not good.

ERIC

Half Dozen Farm said...

I have personally seen a few dogs injured with slip/choke chain collars. But these were due to the ignorance of the owners.

A couple were very small dogs that had no business having a slip/choke chain on at all, and it crushed their trachea. And my mom's dog hung herself from the top of an 8' wooden privacy fence when she tried to climb it and her collar got hung on it and strangled her. My mom learned the (very) hard way to never leave a slip chain on a dog unattended!

Most people don't know that there is a "right way" (slip) and "wrong way" (choke) to put on a metal chain collar.

Again, not demonizing the collar, but it should at least come with instructions & warning label for the idiots! You know, kind of like the Do-not-use-the-hair-dryer-in-the-bathtub type warning label.

Liz said...

I'm a big fan of martingale collars, they work as well as a pinch or slip chain collar on soft-tempered dogs. I love that they work really well as full-time collars. If you get one with a buckle, they can be safely worn at the dog park.

That said, I have a hard time imagining a situation that wouldn't best call for any of the collars listed. I personally don't like to use head halters, mostly because they take so long for the dog to acclimate.

Volunteering for the Behavior Modification Team at a humane shelter, we see a number of dogs who've been surrendered due to lack of a strong "no."

Two dogs I'm working with right now, a female pit mix and a male cattle dog mix, are actually rather well-trained. Both are clever dogs, very people-oriented and both solidly know basic commands plus a number of fun tricks. However, no amount of microwaved hot dog bits can train over the severe dog-aggression in one or the spastic, hard-mouthing play style of the other.

I can't help but think that well-timed punishments delivered early would have saved these two otherwise great dogs from the "special behavior needs" limbo at the shelter. Now that they're adults, training against their ingrained behaviors is a heck of a lot of work.

Sam Tatters - https://pawsitivelytraining.wordpress.com/ said...

PBurns

I am well aware that some behaviours are self-reinforcing. Anyone with half a brain cell knows that it is when those behaviours can be enacted that dogs need to be controlled. At the weekend, I took one of my dogs to the beach. On the way back to the car, there was sheep on the path.

Did I choke my dog for being interested in the sheep? No, that would have increased her arousal further.

Did I tell her no, quietly or not? No, she wasn't able to listen, and it would have simply taught her to drown me out when exiting things are around

I stood with her, on a harness and long line, at a distance that gave the sheep chance to move away.

She is due to go for her sheeping/anti-sheeping training soon - which ever suits her best - and not once will she be told no, choked, shocked, beaten, hit, or anything else.

As for not all training being done with puppies, I am aware of that. Both of my current dogs came to me as adolescents, as have my previous dogs. In fact, puppies are the age group I probably know least about.

And as for your attempt to creep me out by reiterating the profile on my blog, perhaps you could have done a better job if you'd picked up that I'm a 'she', not a 'he'.

PBurns said...

Sam Tatters, you do not have to explain to me, LOL. I actually have trained a few dogs and this is not my first rodeo. A small bit of advice: before telling everyone how to do it, actually do it. From what I gather, you have yet to bury your first dog, and you clearly have not worked with stock-worrying animals of any kind or even know what they are about.

No problem, but a small suggestion from an old man with more time in the dogs than you have yet been alive: take the cotton out of your ears for a while, and put it in your mouth. When you know four ways to train a behavior then you can chose what is right for a particular dog in a particular situation. Right now, you are still trying to figure out one way to train the two dogs that you now have. You do not know enough yet to speak. A word to the wise in this matter is sufficient.

The good news is that you are in the UK, so there are a lot of genuine houndsmen about, as well as terriermen, running dog men, herding dog experts, and gun dog experts. Spend some time with these folks and ASK for direction and for God's sake SHUT UP and do not try to impress them with what little you know, or it will be a very short day in the field.

Dogs are a big topic. You will not learn all you need to know in a day or a month or a year. And you will not learn much with your mouth open.

P

suenestnature said...

Two problems. Choke collars have not been around for a housand years; they were invnted in about the 1880s. And ii have seen several dogs badly injured on them. Otherwise great points.

PBurns said...


Nope.

Choke chains go back to the Roman era as archeological digs have made clear. Ditto for chain, safety pins, hinges, buckles.

What happened in the 1880s was the creation of patent offices and folks trying to patent everything from the wheel to the bridle, from the spoon to the dog collar. Lots of nonsense patents filed that have never been upheld in court.

As for the claim of bad injury, I have to laugh. I have pulled dead dogs from the road, seen dogs impailed on flower border fencing, sewn up dogs ripped open by barbed wire, helped shave a BIG dog that rolled in sealing epoxy (a nightmare), etc. Owned dogs my whole life, shown dogs, hunted dogs, written books and magazine articles and hung out with 200,000 years of dog men and women. Never seen or heard of a choke chain hurting a dog unless it was put on as a puppy and the dog got big. So do I think you ACTUALLY have experience with lots of choke chain injuries? No. I am an old dog man and if someone tells me they have a lot of experience with something no one else in the world of dogs has seen, I assume bullshit and I am not often wrong. There are 75 million dogs in this country and slip chains are sold in every pet store. There are 200 television news channels and dozens that are on 24 hours a day. You do the math.

Unknown said...

P Burns,
I think you made some great points and feel exactly the way I do. Sam tatters is an example of many of the dog trainers we have in the uk, people that don't actually live in the real world. They would rather keep a dog on the lead for most of its life, then have to give any form of no command.
you can only imagine what kind of children they will bring up if they used this method with them....
Iuse positive training methods, BUT when it comes to stock, my dogs need to know that they are off limits completely. I have a dog with extremely high prey drive, and I did resort after exhausting all options of positivity to a shock collar. This dog is a dream in all other aspects, never goes further than 8 metres away except when she saw a sheep in a field, with an open gate. She killed a sheep and this decided me that I needed to desperately sort this. She is now ignoring sheep and having great off lead walks on the moors.